A decision guide to hormone testing in Bangkok: which panel matches which symptom, correct timing for each marker, and what to skip.
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The full PCOS laboratory workup, how the 2023 international criteria work, which conditions must be excluded and the metabolic tests that matter most.
Why TSH comes first, when to add free T4, free T3 and antibodies, and how biotin supplements can corrupt a thyroid result entirely.
Why reference ranges differ between laboratories, how unit conversions cause false alarms, and how to tell a meaningful abnormal result from noise.
What IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 actually indicate, why age-adjusted ranges are essential, and why these are not anti-ageing screening tests.
A practical cycle-day and time-of-day reference for every common hormone blood test, including what to do when cycles are irregular.
When to draw estradiol, why the day of the cycle changes everything, what it adds in menopause assessment and how it is used in men.
What sex hormone binding globulin does, what raises and lowers it, and why testing SHBG alongside testosterone or estradiol prevents misdiagnosis.
Why cortisol must be drawn at 8am, when saliva or 24-hour urine testing is used, and why adrenal fatigue is not a diagnosis a cortisol test can make.